Traduzione di Sexually Transmitted Diseases (part 1)

Ciao miei cari amici!

Spesso vi parlo di come fare bene sesso, ma noi dobbiamo fare sesso solo in modo salutare, sia prima che dopo il rapporto. Il preservativo potrebbe essere il vostro miglior amico per le avventure di una notte o i primi tempi di una nuova relazione. Oggi lasciatemi parlare del perchè ha spesso senso usare un profilattico.

La maggior parte delle persone è al corrente del paricolo di contrarre l’ Aids  attraverso un rapporto sessuale non protetto. Allo stesso modo la maggior di noi non è così informata in merito ai rischi connessi con le altre malattie a trasmissione sessuale (STDs sexually transmitted diseases), le quali sono assai più comune e facile da trasmettere da un partner all’altro. L’uso del preservativo aiuta enormemente la prevenzione di questi problemi di salute ma non in tutti i casi.

Userò alcune infografiche americane per aiutarmi in questo discorso:

Queste infografiche sono una disamina sommaria della situazione delle malettie a trasmissione sessuale negli Stati Uniti d’ America.  E’ plausibile assumere che il rateo di contaggio sia similie nel resto del mondo.

I distrubi di salute trasmessi sessualmente possono essere divisi nelle seguenti categorie:

1.Infezioni Batteriche

A Sifilide

B Gonorrea

C Clamidia

d Limfogranuloma venereo:

  1. Infezioni Virali

a HIV

b Epatite B

c Epatite C

d Heprse semplice;HSV 1, HSV2

e HPV virus

 

3 Infezioni Protozoiche

a Trichomonas vaginalis

b Giardia lamblia

4 Infezioni micetiche

Candidna

 

Infezioni da papilloma virus umano

What is hpv?

Il papilloma virus (HPV) è di gran lunga l’infezione a trasmissione sessuale più comune fra gli umani di ambo due i sessi. E’ tanto comune che la maggioranza delle persone sessualmente attive arriveranno ad averne alcune varietà, anche se hanno pochi partners sessuali. Le persone con un sistema immunitario debole possono essere quelli più a rischio.

L’HPV può essere trasmesso fra le persone anche attraverso il contatto cutaneop, così il rapporto sessuale non è necessario per contrarre l’infezione. La trasmissione sessuale può comportare effetti sui genitali, la bocca e la gola. La maggioranza delle persone contrae l’  HPV attraverso un contatto sessuale diretto, come il rapporto orale.

Le verruche associate alla maggior parte delle infezioni da HPV vanno via da sole senza segni o sintomi, ma il virus rimane ancora nel corpo della persona infetta. Di conseguenza, quella persona può inconsapevolmente passare l’HPV ad altri partner sessuali.

Quando il virus non scompare può causare seri problemi di salute. Alcuni tipi di HPV possono causare il cancro cervicale o di altri tipi. I tipi di HPV che causano le verruche sono diversi dai tipi che causano il cancro. Regolari screening medici aiutano a diagnosticare i problemi di salute correlati all’HPV in precedenza.

Le donne dovrebbe sottoporsi al loro primp Pap test  raggiunti i 21 anni assieme ad un test per l’HPV, indifferentemente dalla frequenza dei loro rapporti.Dovrebbero ripetere il test ogni anno.

 

Al momento non è disponibile alcun test approvato per diagnosticare l’HPV negli uomini, quindi se si notano  nuove verruche o altri cambiamenti dopo l’attività sessuale, contattare il medico per una valutazione. Nota che eliminare le verruche fisiche non tratta il virus stesso, e le verruche probabilmente torneranno.

I modi più semplici per prevenire l’HPV è usare il preservativo, limitare il numero di partner sessuali e fare regolari controlli sanitari.

Herpes orale e genitale

Questa è la seconda più comune malattia sessualmente trasmessa. Può essere trasmessa con un semplice tocco, dei baci e  l’attività sessuale.

La maggior parte delle persone con herpes orale sono infettate durante l’infanzia o l’adolescenza dal contatto non sessuale con la saliva. L’herpes orale può provocare herpes labiale o vesciche febbrili sopra o intorno alla bocca. Tuttavia nella maggior parte dei casi non ci sono sintomi evidenti. L’herpes orale può essere diffuso dalla bocca ai genitali attraverso il sesso orale.

Più di una persona su sei tra i 14 ei 49 anni negli Stati Uniti ha l’herpes genitale. Si diffonde più comunemente avendo rapporti sessuali vaginali, anali o orali con qualcuno che ha la malattia.

Può essere diffuso entrando in contatto con il virus dell’herpes in una piaga da herpes; attraverso la saliva o le secrezioni genitali, attraverso la pelle baciata nell’area orale o nell’area genitale in cui esiste l’infezione. In molti casi un partner sessuale può non avere piaghe visibili o non sapere di essere infetto. Controlli regolari per entrambi i partner e l’uso di preservativi ridurranno il rischio di infezione.

Essere consapevoli del fatto che non tutte le piaghe di herpes si verificano in aree che sono coperte da un preservativo in lattice. Inoltre, il virus dell’herpes può essere rilasciato (capannone) da aree della pelle che non presentano un herpes visibile. Per questi motivi, i preservativi potrebbero non proteggerti completamente dall’erpes.

Il medico o il farmacista può consigliare farmaci anti-herpes.

È importante evitare l’herpes durante la gravidanza.

Le piaghe da herpes di solito appaiono come una o più vescicole sopra o attorno ai genitali, al retto o alla bocca. Le vesciche si rompono e lasciano dolorose ferite che possono richiedere una settimana o più per guarire.

Non esiste una cura per l’herpes. Tuttavia, ci sono farmaci che possono prevenire o ridurre i focolai.

 

Per maggiori informazioni, vedere il blog Malattie sessualmente trasmissibili, parte 2

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